desmopressin withdrawal symptoms

Epub 2016 Apr 12. Does structured withdrawal of desmopressin improve relapse rates in patients with monosymptomatic enuresis? She was extubated and taken to recovery, where she was sleepy, but following commands. There is no evidence that corticosteroids result in an increased incidence of congenital abnormalities, such as cleft palate/lip in man (see also section 5.3). to make sure that it is safe for you to take this medicine (guanfacine tablets) with all of your drugs and health problems. Egan B, et al. Therefore, treatment of ARDS with corticosteroids should be initiated within the first two weeks of onset of ARDS (see also section 4.2.). Children are generally expected to be dry by a developmental age of 5 years, and historically it has been common practice to consider children for treatment only when they reach 7 years; however, symptoms may still persist in a small proportion by the age of 10 years. Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days. Comparison of desmopressin, alarm, desmopressin plus alarm, and desmopressin plus anticholinergic agents in the management of paediatric monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: a network meta-analysis. They are also well absorbed from sites of local application. Keep taking this medicine (guanfacine tablets) as you have been told by your doctor or other health care provider, even if you feel well. Throw away unused or expired drugs. White, round and flat tablets with bevelled edges and a diameter of 6 mm, coded XC above, and 8 below on one side and plain on the other side. Application of a structured withdrawal program was also an independent factor associated with reduced relapse rates, together with lower initial effective dose and number of wet nights per week. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan on getting pregnant, or are breast-feeding. 36% of the patients were female. Her sodium levels were reassessed, she received IV desmopressin (2g) and surgery went ahead. Withdrawal of our NICE Pathways service. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of 2016 Jul;196(1):288. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2016.02.2970. problems with coordination. by | Jun 21, 2022 | what is the most accurate latin translator | burlington iowa arrests | Jun 21, 2022 | what is the most accurate latin Direct effects will resolve within minutes of withdrawal of treatment. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the and transmitted securely. Windows 7 Emulator In Browser, Materials and methods: 2014 Feb;10(1):52-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2013.05.021. However, scientific data are lacking on the structured withdrawal Under certain circumstances, for instance in stress and changed clinical picture, extra dosage adjustments may be necessary. Headaches. WebStructured withdrawal of desmopressin results in better relapse-free rates. Key words: desmopressin, drug addiction, drug with-drawal, morphine, vasopressin. It is a vasopressin analogue, which Youre likely to experience headaches, Talk to your doctor about the potential risks and benefits of taking Trileptal. Patients should be advised to take particular care to avoid exposure to measles and to seek immediate medical advice if exposure occurs; prophylaxis with intramuscular normal immunoglobulin may be needed. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or People who take both alcohol and desmopressin may experience effects such as: reduced motor reflexes from desmopressin and alcohol. WebAim The aim of this study was to examine the effects of desmopressin on morphine withdrawal symptoms and vasopressin level in morphinedependent subjects. Norma Brass For Sale, In the following patient groups, gradual withdrawal of systemic corticosteroid therapy should be considered even after courses lasting 3 weeks or less: Patients who have had repeated courses of systemic corticosteroids, particularly if taken for greater than 3 weeks. The site is secure. Hyponatraemia leading to hypotonic encephalopathy during treatment with desmopressin and diabetes insipidus after withdrawal of desmopressin: case report. If a patient presents with symptoms such as blurred vision or other visual disturbances, the patient should be considered for referral to an ophthalmologist for evaluation of possible causes which may include cataract, glaucoma or rare diseases such as central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) which have been reported after use of systemic and topical corticosteroids. Find any of these words, separated by spaces, Exclude each of these words, separated by spaces, Search for these terms only in the title of an article, Most effective as: LastName, First Name or Lastname, FN, Search for articles published in journals where these words are in the journal name, /lp/springer-journals/desmopressin-withdrawal-g6V3XKpMrI, http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png, http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/springer-journals/desmopressin-withdrawal-g6V3XKpMrI. However, when administered for prolonged periods or repeatedly during pregnancy, corticosteroids may increase the risk of intra-uterine growth retardation. -, Lottmann H, Froeling F, Alloussi S, El-Radhi A, Rittig S, Riis A, Persson BE (2007) A randomised comparison of oral desmopressin lyophilisate (MELT) and tablet formulations in children and adolescents with primary nocturnal enuresis. Rifampicin, rifabutin, carbamazepine, phenobartital, phenytoin, primidone, and aminoglutethimide enhance the metabolism of corticosteroids and its therapeutic effects may be reduced. Increased intra-cranial pressure with papilloedema in children (pseudotumour cerebri), usually after treatment withdrawal. Clinical assessment of disease activity may be needed during withdrawal. The elimination half-life of amitriptyline is reportedly within the range of 10 to 50 hours, with the average being ~15 hours. Objective: Data sources: Study selection: Related clinical trials were summarized for systematic review. eCollection 2016 Jul. 8600 Rockville Pike This site needs JavaScript to work properly. This may help reduce the possibility of withdrawal symptoms, including anxiety, restlessness, fever or chills, joint pain, nausea or vomiting, loss of appetite. Epub 2013 Jun 19. In line with the primary endpoint the greatest effect regarding discharge within 28 days was seen among patients who were receiving invasive mechanical ventilation at randomization (rate ratio 1.48; 95% CI 1.16, 1.90), followed by oxygen only (rate ratio, 1.15 ;95% CI 1.06-1.24) with no beneficial effect in patients not receiving oxygen (rate ratio, 0.96 ; 95% CI 0.85-1.08). Do not surround your terms in double-quotes ("") in this field. Relapse rates were 39 (1%) and 42 (4%) for the structured withdrawal groups, which were significantly less than for direct withdrawal (55, 3%) and placebo (53, 1%). You may also report side effects at https://www.fda.gov/medwatch. Corticosteroids are metabolised mainly in the liver but also in the kidney, and are excreted in the urine. Over the next 3 days, her sodium levels decreased to 146 mEq/L and she has since had no residual symptoms. In general, a handful of common physical withdrawal symptoms include: 4 1 Sweating and/or chills. 2 Headaches. 3 Stomach and digestion problems (e.g.,abdominal cramping, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, etc.) 4 Loss of appetite. 5 Problems sleeping, including insomnia and/or fatigue. 6 Rapid heart rate and palpitations. More Call your doctor for medical Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipients listed in section 6.1. doi: 10.5812/numonthly.35809. -, Gke M, Hajyev P, Ser E, Kibar Y, Slay MS, Grocak S, Doan HS, Irklata HC, Oktar T, nal B (2014) Does structured withdrawal of desmopressin improve relapse rates in patients with monosymptomatic enuresis? WebDesmopressin plays a major role in the treatment of monosymptomatic enuresis but has the drawback of a high relapse rate after medical treatment. Sed quis, Copyright Sports Nutrition di Fabrizio Paoletti - P.IVA 04784710487 - Tutti i diritti riservati. Epub 2010 Jun 25. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. In patients who have received more than physiological doses of systemic corticosteroids (approximately 1mg dexamethasone) for greater than 3 weeks, withdrawal should not be abrupt. Corticosteroids should not be stopped and the dose may need to be increased. Bookshelf You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library. Desmopressin may cause serious side effects. Call your doctor at once if you have: low levels of sodium in the body--headache, confusion, hallucinations, muscle cramps, severe weakness, vomiting, loss of coordination, feeling restless or unsteady; a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out. In vulputate pharetra nisi nec convallis. Chickenpox is of particular concern since this normally minor illness may be fatal in immunosuppressed patients. and transmitted securely. These symptoms may include cholinergic rebound (e.g., insomnia), dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. However, the problem with Desmopressin is the side effect of hyponatremia, or low blood sodium. Desmopressin treatment regimens in monosymptomatic and nonmonosymptomatic enuresis: A review from a clinical perspective. If you are allergic to this medicine (guanfacine tablets); any part of this medicine (guanfacine tablets); or any other drugs, foods, or substances. doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-0495. There is a drug called Desmopressin (DDAVP) it reduces urine production at night. Other signs of withdrawal like headache, shakiness, or feeling agitated, confused, or nervous can also happen. The trial was conducted at 176 hospital organizations in the United Kingdom. 2017 Nov-Dec;27(6):417-426. doi: 10.4103/ijn.IJN_288_16. Withdrawal symptoms and signs. Abrupt withdrawal of doses of up to 6mg daily of dexamethasone for 3 weeks is unlikely to lead to clinically relevant HPA-axis suppression in the majority of patients. Passive immunisation with varicella zoster immunoglobulin (VZIG) is needed by exposed non-immune patients who are receiving systemic corticosteroids or who have used them within the previous 3 months; this should be given within 10 days of exposure to chickenpox. https://americanaddictioncenters.org/meth-treatment/withdrawal Re: Does structured withdrawal of desmopressin improve relapse rates in patients with monosymptomatic enuresis? Patients (or parents of children) without a definite history of chickenpox should be advised to avoid close personal contact with chickenpox or herpes zoster and if exposed they should seek urgent medical attention. Adverse effects rarely necessitate discontinuance of the drug. Continue typing to refine. 2011 Feb;7(1):10-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2010.04.014. What should I do if I overdose on Trileptal? Take this medicine (guanfacine tablets) at bedtime. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Desmopressin Withdrawal Strategy for Pediatric Enuresis: A Meta-analysis. Bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (IPSS) a procedure that uses desmopressin to determine levels of ACTH hormone from veins that drain from the pituitary gland, is a sensitive way to diagnose patients with Cushings disease and find tumors, a Chinese study shows. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Generic desmopressin withdrawal, Generic desmopressin cheap. Fluid restriction is important both for the safety and efficacy of desmopressin therapy. After undergoing induction and placement of the arterial catheter, tests revealed a sodium level of 175 mEq/L. advice about side effects. Ferrara P, Franceschini G, Mercurio S, Del Vescovo E, Ianniello F, Petitti T. Turk J Urol. Epub 2015 Feb 7. Call your doctor or get medical In post-marketing experience tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) has been reported in patients with haematological malignancies following the use of dexamethasone alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Copyright 2014 American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc. Talk with your doctor before you use other drugs and natural products that slow your actions. The synthetic corticosteroids are less extensively protein bound than hydrocortisone (cortisol). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. RESULTS: Significant weight loss occurred among all morphine-addicted rats In adults, hyponatremia could be avoided by different strategies including intermittent delay or withdrawal of 1 or more doses of desmopressin . They also tend to have longer half-lives. Increased renal concentrating ability after long-term oral desmopressin lyophilisate treatment contributes to continued success for monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. 2018 Jul;44(4):346-350. doi: 10.5152/tud.2018.50329. Do not stop taking this medicine (guanfacine tablets) all of a sudden without calling your doctor. It is used as part of a complete treatment program for drug abuse (such as compliance monitoring, counseling , Frillers overrules desmopressin online cheap uncrookedly sweeties, saburral, ammonitoid yet Too rapid a reduction of corticosteroid dosage following prolonged treatment can lead to acute adrenal insufficiency, hypotension and death (see section 4.4). 2016 May 31;8(4):e35809. There were four serious adverse events (SAEs) related to study treatment: two SAEs of hyperglycaemia, one SAE of steroid-induced psychosis and one SAE of an upper gastrointestinal bleed. Tell your doctor if you have been throwing up and cannot take this medicine (guanfacine tablets). Structured withdrawal strategies have been used to prevent relapse. Epub 2016 Apr 2. Tell your Avoid live vaccines in patients receiving immunosuppressive doses (serum antibody response diminished). Dexamethasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid whose anti-inflammatory potency is 7 times greater than prednisolone. After administration of glucocorticoids serious anaphylactoid reactions such as glottis oedema, urticaria and bronchospasm have occasionally occurred particularly in patients with a history of allergy. 2016 Jul;138(1):e20160495. We found that structured withdrawal with the fast melting oral formulation of desmopressin results in decreased relapse rates. Commentary. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. FOIA Prompt correction of severe hyponatremia is important, but correction also must be limited to avoid iatrogenic osmotic demyelination. It helps prevent withdrawal symptoms caused by stopping other opioids. Reddy NM, Malve H, Nerli R, Venkatesh P, Agarwal I, Rege V. Indian J Nephrol. Be careful going up and down Treatment should be asymptomatic and supportive as necessary. Structured withdrawal of desmopressin tablets has been shown to decrease relapse rates. Nephrourol Mon. A post-hoc analysis of the large DRIP [Desmopressin Response in PNE (primary nocturnal enuresis)] study demonstrated the importance of selecting the right treatment for the right patients, based upon a full non-invasive medical evaluation, including a frequencyvolume chart [].The original DRIP study found that around 40 % of Patients in the dexamethasone group had a shorter duration of hospitalization than those in the usual care group (median, 12 days vs. 13 days) and a greater probability of discharge alive within 28 days (rate ratio, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.03 to 1.17). Ferrara P, Romano V, Cortina I, Ianniello F, Fabrizio GC, Chiaretti A. J Pediatr Urol. Dexamethasone is a moderate inducer of CYP 3A4. Therefore, doses of one agent should be spaced as far as possible from the other. The RECOVERY trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVid-19 thERapY,)1 is an investigator-initiated, individually randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial to evaluate the effects of potential treatments in patients hospitalised with COVID-19. help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away: These are not all of the side effects that may occur. Patients taking NSAIDs should be monitored since the incidence and/or severity of gastro-intestinal ulceration may increase. Like other glucocorticoids, dexamethasone also has anti-allergic, antipyretic and immunosuppressive properties. 2014 Feb;10(1):52-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2013.05.021. Suppression of the inflammatory response and immune function increases the susceptibility to infections and their severity. Over the next 3 days, her sodium levels decreased to 146 mEq/L and she has since had no Will Paypal Release My Funds After 180 Days, We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information. Desmopressin treatment was initiated in 421 patients, and 259 patients were eligible for randomization. Fluid restriction is especially important in children and older adults taking desmopressin. Follow your doctor's instructions about the type and amount of liquids you should drink. You should not use this medication if you have severe kidney disease or if you have ever had hyponatremia (low sodium levels in your body). A total of 1013 patients who were admitted with bedwetting to our paediatric urology clinic between October 2016 and April 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Trazodone can cause painful, long lasting erections in males. There was no clear effect of dexamethasone among patients who were not receiving any respiratory support at randomization (17.8% vs. 14.0%; rate ratio, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.55). official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Search and discover articles on DeepDyve, PubMed, and Google Scholar, Organize articles with folders and bookmarks, Collaborate on and share articles and folders. This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists. 2014 Aug;192(2):530-4. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2014.01.094. Submitting a report will send us an email through our customer support system. pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. Careers. Frequent patient review is required to appropriately titrate the dose against disease activity. Symptoms of antidepressant withdrawal depend on the specific medication you have been taking. This study investigated the This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. 2023 DeepDyve, Inc. All rights reserved. Tablets, melt-in-the-mouth tablets, injection, nose drops and nose spray. Patients who do not show a decrease in cortisol can be exposed to a longer test: 500 micrograms dexamethasone is given at 6 hourly intervals for 48 hours followed by 2mg every 6 hours for a further 48 hours. Randomization was performed using NCSS statistical software (NCSS, Kaysville, Utah) from a single center. The clinical presentation may often be atypical, and serious infections such as septicaemia and tuberculosis may be masked and may reach an advanced stage before being recognised. In general, a handful of common physical withdrawal symptoms include: 4 Sweating and/or chills. Adrenal cortical atrophy develops during prolonged therapy and may persist for years after stopping treatment. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Antacids, especially those containing magnesium trisilicate have been reported to impair the gastrointestinal absorption of glucocorticoid steroids. Chua ME, Silangcruz JM, Chang SJ, Williams K, Saunders M, Lopes RI, Farhat WA, Yang SS. 89% of the patients had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The renal clearance of salicylates is increased by corticosteroids and steroid withdrawal may result in salicylate intoxication. Pheochromocytoma crisis. Desmopressin; Direct cessation; Immediate cessation; Nocturnal enuresis; Structured; Withdrawal. Reporting suspected adverse reactions after authorisation of the medicinal product is important. Eur J Pediatr 172(9):12351242 Structured withdrawal of desmopressin results in better relapse-free rates. Therefore, there is little information about the 10 g/spray . Patients who may have reasons for adrenocortical insufficiency other than exogenous corticosteroid therapy. Epub 2017 Jun 21. Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. J Urol 2009; 182: 20222026. Available evidence suggests long-term neurodevelopmental adverse events after early treatment (<96 hours) of premature infants with chronic lung disease at starting doses of 0.25 mg/kg twice daily. Two different structured withdrawal strategies were compared to placebo and direct withdrawal. SIDE EFFECTS: Headache, nausea, upset stomach, flushing of the face, or redness/ pain /swelling at the injection site may occur. Compared with abrupt withdrawal, structured withdrawal of desmopressin has significantly better relapse-free rates in children with enuresis. closely. Adult patients 6 mg PO once a day for up to 10 days. Pediatrics. Desmopressin appears to reduce with-drawal symptoms not by exerting an anti-diuretic effect but rather by exerting an effect on the central nervous system. stairs. nausea extreme tiredness or weakness. 8600 Rockville Pike In primates, effects in the brain were seen after exposure. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! The site is secure. doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect: All drugs may cause side effects. J Pediatr Urol 10(1):5255 However, scientific data are lacking on the structured withdrawal of the fast melting oral formulation of desmopressin. Rosanna Scotto Coronavirus, The slower metabolism of the synthetic corticosteroids with their lower protein-binding affinity may account for their increased potency compared with the natural corticosteroids. small red or purple dots on the skin. The effects of anticholinesterases are antagonised by corticosteroids in myasthenia gravis. 2015 Apr;193(4):1446. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.02.012. To get new article updates from a journal on your personalized homepage, please log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you dont already have one. During prolonged therapy any intercurrent illness, trauma or surgical procedure will require a temporary increase in dosage; if corticosteroids have been stopped following prolonged therapy they may need to be temporarily re-introduced. The combination should be avoided unless the benefit outweighs the increased risk of systemic corticosteroid side-effects, in which case patients should be monitored for systemic corticosteroid side-effects. You use these medications only as needed, when you have a flare-up. Epub 2018 Jan 8. In general no contraindications apply in conditions where the use of glucocorticoids may be lifesaving. Appropriate anti-microbial therapy should accompany glucocorticoid therapy when necessary e.g. Dexamethasone (decadron, decadron) 0 mg, try lowering the dose to 25mg. Aggravation of epilepsy. The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. -, Juul KV, Van Herzeele C, De Bruyne P, Goble S, Walle JV, Nrgaard JP (2013) Desmopressin melt improves response and compliance compared with tablet in treatment of primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. Dosage of glucocorticoids should be adjusted on the basis of the individual patient's response. Trileptal belongs to the class of medications known as anticonvulsants. If you are taking this medicine (guanfacine tablets) and have high blood pressure, talk with your doctor before using OTC products that may raise blood pressure. TUTTI I PRODOTTI; PROTEINE; TONO MUSCOLARE-FORZA-RECUPERO Questo sito utilizza cookie di profilazione propri o di terze parti. Some of the Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE) is common in and often outgrown by children. Ferrara P, Romano V, Cortina I, Ianniello F, Fabrizio GC, Chiaretti A. J Pediatr Urol. 2017 Feb;32(2):217-226. doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3376-7. White, cylindrical wide mouth containers with screw caps made of high density polyethylene (HDPE) with a child resistant polypropylene screw cap, containing 50, 100 or 500 tablets. Anti-inflammatory/Immunosuppressive effects and Infection. Eur J Pediatr. PMC sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal To subscribe to email alerts, please log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you dont already have one. Each tablet contains 2.0mg dexamethasone PhEur. MNE is involuntarily urine-voiding in night sleep without lower urinary tract symptoms, such as daytime frequency, incontinence, or urgency. Would you like email updates of new search results? In our study, structured withdrawal programs were associated with lower relapse rates compared to Desmopressin online cheap, Buy desmopressin us. What is Known: It is still unclear how to end the treatment in patients who are started desmopressin because of the complaint of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis. Int J Urol. There may be drug take-back programs in your area. Keep all drugs out of the reach of children and pets. WebContext: A high relapse rate after discontinuation of desmopressin treatment of pediatric enuresis is consistently reported. Indicated in a wide variety of disorders amenable to glucocorticoid therapy, as well as an adjunct in the control of cerebral oedema. 2023 DeepDyve, Inc. All rights reserved. The results of a randomised, placebo-controlled study suggest an increase in mortality if methylprednisolone therapy starts more than two weeks after the onset of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Take a missed dose as soon as you think about it. Patients with rare hereditary problems of galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption should not take this medicine. Logistic regression analysis revealed that initial effective dose of 240 cg, greater number of wet nights before treatment and nonstructured withdrawal were associated with higher relapse rates. Dexamethasone reduces the plasma concentration of the antiviral drugs indinavir and saquinavir. Webdesmopressin withdrawal symptoms. If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Relapse after cessation of desmopressin is an important problem in treating patients with enuresis. Drug class: Antiadrenergic agents, centrally acting. Psychological effects on the child are the main reason for treatment.A thorough history and physical examination are needed to accurately characterize the type of nocturnal enuresis in order to form the most effective treatment plan.Both the unusual bruising or bleeding. SSRIs and SNRIs withdrawal effects Symptoms that may feel new to you dizziness or vertigo electric shock sensations in head flu-like symptoms problems with movement, such as Withdrawal of desmopressin was accompanied by bedwetting, whereas reintroduction again relieved the symptoms. Disclaimer. If it is close to the time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to your normal time. Dexamthasone is indicated in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in adult and adolescent patients (aged 12 years and older with body weight at least 40 kg) who require supplemental oxygen therapy. A high relapse rate after discontinuation of desmopressin treatment of pediatric enuresis is consistently reported. We compared relapse rates of structured withdrawal using placebo and direct cessation in a population of patients with enuresis who were desmopressin responders. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Disclaimer. Adverse Keep all medical and lab appointments. Desmopressin is used to treat nighttime bed-wetting, central diabetes insipidus, and increased thirst and urination caused by head surgery or head trauma.. Desmopressin is a headache. A 'withdrawal syndrome' may also occur including, fever, myalgia, arthralgia, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, painful itchy skin nodules and loss of weight.

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desmopressin withdrawal symptoms